Sunday, March 31, 2013

Egyptian TV satirist appears before prosecutors

CAIRO (AP) ? A popular television satirist known as Egypt's Jon Stewart was released on bail Sunday after nearly five hours of interrogation over allegations that he broke the law by insulting Islam and the country's leader.

Bassem Youssef is the most prominent critic of Islamist President Mohammed Morsi to be called in for questioning in recent weeks in what the opposition says is a campaign to intimidate critics. Arrest warrants have been issued for five prominent anti-government activists accused of instigating violence.

A prosecution official said Youssef was to pay a bail of 15,000 LE ($2,200), pending the completion of an investigation.

Youssef tweeted that the bail is for three separate cases. The date for an expected fourth interrogation has not been set, he added.

Rights lawyer Gamal Eid said the release on bail means "all options are open."

"The prosecution could continue investigation, put the case aside or send it to trial," Eid said.

Youssef, the host of the weekly show "ElBernameg," or "The Program," is known for his skits lampooning Morsi and Egypt's newly empowered Islamist political class, but he also mocks the opposition and the media.

Several dozen supporters gathered outside the public prosecutor's office as he presented himself for questioning a day after a warrant for his arrest was first reported in the media.

The media also intently followed the comedian's interrogation. He first tweeted a series of quips from the prosecutor's office. "They asked me the color of my eyes. Really," one read.

A news broadcaster at a TV station affiliated with Morsi's Muslim Brotherhood group, Misr 25, said he was "mocking" the investigation, and his tweets later were erased and he wrote that some reports from inside the interrogation room were "incorrect."

The fast-paced show has attracted a wide viewership, while at the same time earning itself its fair share of detractors. Youssef has been a frequent target of lawsuits, most of them brought by Islamist lawyers who have accused him of "corrupting morals" or violating "religious principles."

Prosecutor Mohammed el-Sayed Khalifa was quoted on the website of the state-owned Al-Ahram daily that he has heard 28 plaintiffs accusing Youssef of insulting Islam, mocking prayers, and "belittling" Morsi in the eyes of the world and his own people.

Youssef frequently imitates Morsi's speeches and gestures. He has fact-checked the president, and in one particularly popular episode earlier this year, Youssef played video clips showing remarks by Morsi, made in 2010 before he became president, where the Muslim Brotherhood veteran called Zionists "pigs."

The remarks caused a brief diplomatic tiff with the U.S. administration, and Morsi had to issue a statement to defuse the flap.

In his last episode this week, Youssef thanked Morsi for providing him with so much material.

Youssef has also made regular jokes about comments by Islamic clerics and Islamic stations TV presenters, exposing contradictions between their comments and public speeches and what he considers the spirit of Islam.

In remarks to a TV presenter on CBC, the private station that airs his Friday program, Youssef said late Saturday that his program does not insult Islam but aims to expose those who "distort" it.

"We don't insult religion. What we do is expose those so-called religious and Islamic stations which have offended Islam more than anyone else," he said. "If anyone is to be investigated for insulting religions, it should be all those who use Islam as a weapon and a political tool to swallow the others using religion."

When asked if programs in Egypt should be less scathing than those of the West, Youssef jibed: "We will give (the West) an example of how freedoms are respected after the revolution," referring to Egypt's 2011 uprising that overthrew authoritarian leader Hosni Mubarak.

Amr Moussa, a former presidential candidate and Arab League secretary general, called the warrant a "provocation to Egyptians who are known for their love of what is funny," he said.

"There is nothing odious about criticizing the president," he said in an emailed statement. "This humanizes the president."

Eid, the rights lawyer, said accusing Youssef of insulting religion ? as opposed to just the president ? is a tactic aimed at increasing public sympathy for the investigation.

"The accusation of insulting religion would mobilize more people against him," Eid said.

The release on bail means "all options are open," Eid added. "The prosecution could continue investigation, put the case aside or send it to trial."

Recent legal moves against protesters, activists and critics come as unrest in Egypt continues amid deep political polarization.

The opposition charges that Morsi, in office for nine months, has failed to tackle any of the nation's most pressing problems. They say the Brotherhood is trying to monopolize power, breaking its promises to include other factions in key decisions.

Morsi blames the country's woes on corruption under Mubarak as well as ongoing protests. He says the opposition has no grassroots support and, along with former regime supporters, is stoking unrest for political gain.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/egyptian-tv-satirist-appears-prosecutors-101256553.html

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3 killed in 95-vehicle pileup at Virginia-NC line

This image provided by WXII Channel 12 news, shows the scene following a 75-vehicle pileup on Interstate 77 near the Virginia-North Carolina border in Galax, Va., on Sunday, March 31, 2013. Virginia State Police say three people have been killed and more than 20 are injured and traffic is backed up about 8 miles. (AP Photo/WXII, William Bottomley) MANDAORY CREDIT: WXII,WILLIAM BOTTOMLEY

This image provided by WXII Channel 12 news, shows the scene following a 75-vehicle pileup on Interstate 77 near the Virginia-North Carolina border in Galax, Va., on Sunday, March 31, 2013. Virginia State Police say three people have been killed and more than 20 are injured and traffic is backed up about 8 miles. (AP Photo/WXII, William Bottomley) MANDAORY CREDIT: WXII,WILLIAM BOTTOMLEY

This image provided by WXII Channel 12 news, shows the scene following a 75-vehicle pileup on Interstate 77 near the Virginia-North Carolina border in Galax, Va., on Sunday, March 31, 2013. Virginia State Police say three people have been killed and more than 20 are injured and traffic is backed up about 8 miles. (AP Photo/WXII, William Bottomley) MANDAORY CREDIT: WXII,WILLIAM BOTTOMLEY

GALAX, Va. (AP) ? Police are now saying 95 vehicles were involved in 17 separate crashes along a mountainous, foggy stretch of interstate near the Virginia-North Carolina border.

Virginia State Police spokeswoman Corrine Geller says three people were killed Sunday and 25 people were taken to hospitals with injuries ranging from serious to minor.

The wrecks occurred on Interstate 77 in southwest Virginia in the Fancy Gap Mountain area. Geller says message boards along the interstate warned drivers of severe fog in the area. She says the crashes happened about 1:15 p.m., mostly because drivers were going too fast for conditions.

Traffic backed up for about 8 miles in the southbound lanes, which is where the wrecks occurred. Authorities also closed the northbound lanes so that emergency vehicles could get there.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/386c25518f464186bf7a2ac026580ce7/Article_2013-03-31-Virginia%20Interstate%20Pileup/id-56b1f10855b1435fbb1344bd3c43ce0d

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Saturday, March 30, 2013

NKorea says it's in state of war with SKorea

North Korean army officers punch the air as they chant slogans during a rally at Kim Il Sung Square in downtown Pyongyang, North Korea, Friday, March 28, 2013. Thousands of North Koreans turned out for the mass rally at the main square in Pyongyang in support of their leader Kim Jong Un's call to arms. (AP Photo/Jon Chol Jin)

North Korean army officers punch the air as they chant slogans during a rally at Kim Il Sung Square in downtown Pyongyang, North Korea, Friday, March 28, 2013. Thousands of North Koreans turned out for the mass rally at the main square in Pyongyang in support of their leader Kim Jong Un's call to arms. (AP Photo/Jon Chol Jin)

South Korea's K-1 tanks take part in their military exercise in the border city between two Koreas, Paju, north of Seoul, South Korea, Friday, March 29, 2013. North Korean leader Kim Jong Un warned Friday that his rocket forces were ready "to settle accounts with the U.S.," unleashing a new round of bellicose rhetoric after U.S. nuclear-capable B-2 bombers dropped dummy munitions in joint military drills with South Korea. (AP Photo/Lee Jin-man)

U.S. Air Force B-2 stealth bomber, center, flies over near the Osan U.S. Air Base in Pyeongtaek, south of Seoul, South Korea, Thursday, March 28, 2013. A day after shutting down a key military hotline, Pyongyang instead used indirect communications with Seoul to allow South Koreans to cross the heavily armed border and work at a factory complex that is the last major symbol of inter-Korean cooperation. (AP Photo/Shin Young-keun, Yonhap) KOREA OUT

South Korean soldiers prepare for their military exercise in the border city between two Koreas, Paju, north of Seoul, South Korea, Friday, March 29, 2013. North Korean leader Kim Jong Un warned Friday that his rocket forces were ready "to settle accounts with the U.S.," unleashing a new round of bellicose rhetoric after U.S. nuclear-capable B-2 bombers dropped dummy munitions in joint military drills with South Korea. (AP Photo/Lee Jin-man)

SEOUL, South Korea (AP) ? North Korea issued its latest belligerent threat Saturday, saying it has entered "a state of war" with South Korea a day after its young leader threatened the United States because two American B-2 bombers flew a training mission in South Korea.

Analysts say a full-scale conflict is extremely unlikely and North Korea's threats are instead aimed at drawing Washington into talks that could result in aid and boosting leader Kim Jong Un's image at home. But the harsh rhetoric from North Korea and rising animosity from the rivals that have followed U.N. sanctions over Pyongyang's Feb. 12 nuclear test have raised worries of a misjudgment leading to a clash.

In a joint statement by the government, political parties and organizations, North Korea said Saturday that it will deal with all matters involving South Korea according to "wartime regulations." It also warned it will retaliate against any provocations by the United States and South Korea without "any prior notice."

The divided Korean Peninsula is already in a technical state of war because the 1950-53 Korean War ended in a cease-fire, not a peace treaty. But Pyongyang said it was scrapping the war armistice earlier this month.

South Korea's Unification Ministry released a statement saying the latest threat wasn't new and was just a follow-up to Kim's earlier order to put troops on a high alert in response to annual U.S-South Korean military drills. Pyongyang sees those drills as rehearsals for an invasion; the allies call them routine and defensive.

In an indication North Korea is not immediately considering starting a war, officials in Seoul said South Korean workers continued Saturday to cross the border to their jobs at a joint factory park in North Korea that's funded by South Koreans

On Friday, North Korean leader Kim Jong Un warned his forces were ready "to settle accounts with the U.S." after two nuclear-capable U.S. B-2 bombers dropped dummy munitions on a South Korean island range as part of joint drills and returned to their base in Missouri.

North Korean state media later released a photo of Kim and his senior generals huddled in front of a map showing routes for envisioned strikes against cities on both American coasts. The map bore the title "U.S. Mainland Strike Plan."

At the main square in Pyongyang, tens of thousands of North Koreans turned out for a 90-minute mass rally in support of Kim's call to arms. Small North Korean warships, including patrol boats, conducted maritime drills off both coasts of North Korea near the border with South Korea earlier this week, South Korean Defense Ministry spokesman Kim Min-seok said in a briefing Friday. He didn't provide details.

The spokesman said South Korea's military was mindful of the possibility that North Korean drills could lead to an actual provocation. He said the South Korean and U.S. militaries are watching closely for any signs of missile launch preparations in North Korea. He didn't elaborate.

Experts believe North Korea is years away from developing nuclear-tipped missiles that could strike the United States. Many say they've also seen no evidence that Pyongyang has long-range missiles that can hit the U.S. mainland.

Still, there are fears of a localized conflict, such as a naval skirmish in disputed Yellow Sea waters. Such naval clashes have happened three times since 1999. There's also danger that such a clash could escalate. Seoul has vowed to hit back hard the next time it is attacked.

"The first strike of the revolutionary armed forces of the DPRK will blow up the U.S. bases for aggression in its mainland and in the Pacific operational theatres including Hawaii and Guam," the North said Saturday in the statement carried by the official Korean Central News Agency. DPRK stands for the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, the North's official name.

Pyongyang uses the U.S. nuclear arsenal as a justification for its own push for nuclear weapons. It says that U.S. nuclear firepower is a threat to its existence.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/cae69a7523db45408eeb2b3a98c0c9c5/Article_2013-03-30-Koreas-Tension/id-a9008c7898694fa282b6ac71602fd0f2

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Christopher Nolan Reportedly Offered 'Interstellar' Lead To Matthew McConaughey

As with all of the Christopher Nolan's movies, information about his next project, the mysterious time travel adventure, "Interstellar," has slowly begun to leak out. Deadline is reporting that the secretive director has offered the lead role of Cooper to Matthew McConaughey. The part, if accepted, would only cap off an incredible renaissance for the [...]

Source: http://moviesblog.mtv.com/2013/03/29/christopher-nolan-interstellar-matthew-mcconaughey/

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Estrogen plus progestin use linked with increased breast cancer incidence and mortality

Mar. 29, 2013 ? Estrogen plus progestin use is linked with increased breast cancer incidence. In addition, prognosis is similar for both users and nonusers of combined hormone therapy, suggesting that mortality from breast cancer may be higher for hormone therapy users as well, according to a study published March 29 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

In the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) randomized trial, estrogen plus progestin was associated with an increase in both breast cancer incidence and mortality. However, most observational studies have linked estrogen plus progestin with more positive outcomes.

In order to determine the differences between the WHI trial and other observational studies, Rowan T. Chlebowski, M.D., Ph.D., Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute (LA BioMed) lead researcher and colleagues, looked at postmenopausal women with no prior hysterectomy with negative mammograms within two years who were either users or non-users of estrogen and progestin combined therapy.

The researchers found that breast cancer incidence was higher in estrogen plus progestin users than incidence in nonusers. Women who started hormone therapy closer to menopause had a higher breast cancer risk with a weakening influence as the time from menopause increased.

"Because survival after breast cancer diagnosis did not differ between estrogen plus progestin users and nonusers, the higher breast cancer incidence of those using estrogen plus progestin may lead to increased breast cancer mortality on a population basis," the authors write.

In an accompanying editorial, Catherine Schairer, Ph.D., and Louise A. Brinton, Ph.D., both of the National Cancer Institute, write that questions remain about whether the data analyzed from the WHI observational study resolves the differences in tumor prognosis and tumor characteristics when compared to the WHI randomized trial. They write that, "In general, tumors in estrogen plus progestin users in the WHI Observational Study were not significantly different from those in non-hormone users with regard to number of positive lymph nodes or tumor size, but were more likely to be well differentiated and positive for hormone receptors, findings which are similar to other observational studies." This, however, did not translate into a survival benefit. They recommend further analyses in this and other datasets of currency and duration of hormone use in relationship to tumor development to fully resolve the issue of tumor characteristics associated with estrogen plus progestin therapy.

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Journal of the National Cancer Institute, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Rowan T. Chlebowski, JoAnn E. Manson, Garnet L. Anderson, Jane A. Cauley, Aaron K. Aragaki, Marcia L. Stefanick, Dorothy S. Lane, Karen C. Johnson, Jean Wactawski-Wende, Chu Chen, Lihong Qi, Shagufta Yasmeen, Polly A. Newcomb, and Ross L. Prentice. Estrogen Plus Progestin and Breast Cancer Incidence and Mortality in the Women?s Health Initiative Observational Study. J Natl Cancer Inst, March 29, 2013 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djt043

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_health/~3/NklAj6Nqpp0/130329161238.htm

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Friday, March 29, 2013

Global IPOs rise on stock market rebound, private equity exits

By Olivia Oran and Kylie MacLellan and Elzio Barreto

(Reuters) - Global equity fundraising rose 24 percent in the first quarter from a year ago, as strong markets and easing concerns about the economy encouraged more companies to raise capital through initial public offerings and other capital market transactions.

Private equity-backed companies queued up to list shares as U.S. stock markets reached record highs, helping boost U.S. IPO volumes by 65 percent so far this quarter. Bankers expect more investments from the 2006-2007 buyout boom years to crowd the IPO market this year.

Investor confidence also returned after political and economic uncertainties stymied capital raising in 2012, in Europe in particular. While some risks remain, including political uncertainty in Italy stemming from an inconclusive election last month and a bailout deal for Cyprus, stock markets have been fairly resilient in the region.

Global equity fundraising, which includes IPOs and secondary offerings, rose to $183 billion so far this quarter from $147 billion in the same period last year, according to Thomson Reuters data as of March 27.

IPO volumes rose 37 percent to $21 billion, as the surge in U.S. activity and a rebound in European volumes offset a 56 percent decline in Asia, the data showed.

"It's been a very active quarter as investors are rallying behind an economic recovery," said Philip Drury, co-head of equity capital markets for the Americas at Citi . "We think you are going to see a meaningful increase in the number of critical mass IPOs in the second and third quarter as market conditions are very robust, and we are advising clients to access the window of opportunity."

Private equity firms looking to sell portfolio companies are driving much of this activity in the United States across various sectors like industrials, retail and consumer, and healthcare.

Large private equity-backed companies planning IPOs later this year include eye care company Bausch & Lomb Inc, technology products retailer CDW Corp, theme park operator Sea World Parks and Entertainment and testing services company Quintiles Transnational Corp.

"Public market investors are more comfortable today with leverage on IPOs because their outlook on the business environment is more optimistic than it was in the past," said Mary Ann Deignan, head of equity capital markets for the Americas at Bank of America Merrill Lynch .

"That leads us to be able to go to financial sponsors and give them new advice about companies that we told them a year ago they couldn't take public."

U.S. technology IPOs, meanwhile, comprised a mere 8.8 percent of IPO activity, compared with 34 percent in the year prior, as fervor for the sector tempered after Facebook Inc's $16 billion public debut in May 2012 fell flat.

In the absence of deals that hit the market in 2012, including Facebook and business software maker Workday Inc , the majority of technology offerings this year are likely to be smaller companies in sectors like business software, advertising technology and data storage, bankers say.

"There are a ton of (technology) companies out there with revenue of about $75 million to $125 million that are growing at least 20 percent a year and are profitable," said Paul Deninger, a senior managing director at Evercore Partners Inc . "Those are the deals that are going to emerge this year."

In the first quarter of this year, Goldman Sachs Group Inc topped the global ranking of equity underwriters with 86 deals accounting for proceeds of $23 billion, up from No. 2 in the first quarter of 2012. Morgan Stanley followed as No. 2 and Citigroup as No. 3.

Goldman Sachs was also the leader for global IPOs, raising $2.7 billion for clients, followed by Deutsche Bank and Citigroup.

In the U.S., which made up 40 percent of global IPO activity for the quarter, Barclays ranked as the No. 1 underwriter for the quarter. Goldman followed as No. 2 and Citi as No. 3.

PICK-UP IN EUROPE

In Europe, improving stock markets encouraged a string of companies to test the water for initial public offerings, which began to show signs of a pick-up in the final quarter of 2012 after years of subdued activity due to the financial crisis.

Housebuilder Crest Nicholson Holdings PLC and insurer esure Group PLC went public in London, which saw the bulk of activity, while German real estate group LEG Immobilien AG had Europe's biggest listing of the quarter when it raised 1.3 billion euros in Frankfurt.

"We've now seen a number of companies successfully getting IPOs done and other issuers ... could look to take advantage of the momentum and revisit deals that they put on the back burner," said Klaus Hessberger, co-head of EMEA ECM at JPMorgan Chase & Co .

"Investors are interested in Europe again and we're seeing U.S. money coming into European equities ... The crisis isn't over, but the market and sentiment have come a long way compared to where they were 12 months ago."

But bankers caution activity is still far from returning to normal.

"There is a reasonable pipeline but deal making activity is not at a high level. There are deals to come, but I think right now people are still looking at the market with sobriety," said Craig Coben, head of EMEA ECM at Bank of America Merrill Lynch.

In the second quarter, Dutch telecoms group KPN is expected to complete a planned 3 billion euro rights issue, while German chemical company Evonik plans to float in April.

Among others reported to be preparing to float in the coming months are Germany's biggest real estate firm, Deutsche Annington, which could yield as much as 1.5 billion euros, and Cinven-owned British insurer Partnership Assurance.

ASIA SLOWLY EMERGES

Equity issuance in Asia ex-Japan rebounded as companies took advantage of surging share prices to raise $46 billion in stock and convertible bond offerings, 6 percent more than a year earlier.

The three largest equity deals in the world so far this year were all in Asia, including the Japanese government's $7.7 billion stake sale in Japan Tobacco Inc , Minsheng Banking Corp's $3.2 billion convertible bond and the $3.1 billion sale of new shares by China Petroleum & Chemical Corp (Sinopec) .

The $1.3 billion IPO of Mapletree Greater China Commercial Trust underscored a trend expected to continue for the remainder of the year, with yield-hungry investors looking to boost returns with global interest rates seen low for the foreseeable future.

"Interest rates remain very low so investors continue to search for yield," said Jonathan Penkin, head of equity capital markets for Asia ex-Japan at Goldman Sachs in Hong Kong. "High quality assets with a yield element are all near or at the top of their historical trading ranges."

Still, IPO activity sank 56 percent from last year to $3.3 billion, making it the slowest start of the year in the region since 2009. Despite the downturn early into 2013, bankers expect activity to pick up, with listings from motor sport racing company Formula One and Alibaba Group, and multibillion-dollar offerings from China Galaxy Securities, Sinopec Engineering and several medium-sized Chinese banks.

(Reporting By Olivia Oran in New York, Kylie MacLellan in London and Elzio Barreto in Hong Kong; Editing by Soyoung Kim, Steve Orlofsky and Bernard Orr)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/global-ipos-rise-stock-market-rebound-private-equity-165831622--sector.html

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Mortar kills 15 at Damascus University, Syria says

By Oliver Holmes and Hamdi Istanbullu

BEIRUT/ISTANBUL (Reuters) - Fifteen Syrian students were killed when rebel mortar shells hit a Damascus University canteen on Thursday, state-run news agency SANA said, as attacks intensified in the center of the capital.

The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, an opposition monitoring group, said a mortar killed 13 people at the university, without saying who fired the bombs.

Other activists confirmed the attack but no opposition group has denied or claimed responsibility.

Insurgents trying to end four decades of rule by the family of President Bashar al-Assad have formed a semi-circle around the capital and intensified attacks from positions on the outskirts this week.

A bastion for Assad's forces, the capital city is a crucial prize in a two-year-old uprising that has developed into a war in which more than 70,000 people have been killed.

Another 1.2 million Syrians have also fled to neighboring countries and North Africa, where they have registered as refugees or are awaiting processing, according to the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).

Highlighting the strain the conflict is placing on neighboring states, Turkey, host to about 260,000 of the refugees, denied on Thursday it had rounded up and deported hundreds of Syrians following unrest at a refugee camp.

SANA said mortar rounds landed in a canteen at the College of Architecture in Baramkeh, a central district near several government buildings, including the Defense Ministry, the headquarters for state media and Assad's official residence.

Pro-government Al-Ikhbariya TV showed images of doctors trying to resuscitate at least two young men and blood on the floor of what appeared to be an outdoor canteen. A young woman was shown walking in a hospital, her face bleeding heavily.

SANA quoted the president of Damascus University as saying the death toll, initially put at 12, had risen to 15 in what state and pro-government media called a terrorist attack.

Last weekend rebel groups sent out warnings on the Internet that they planned to intensify strikes on government and military sites in the city and warned residents they should leave to avoid what they called "Operation Shaking the Fort".

The United Nations said on Monday it would withdraw about half of its international staff from Damascus after a mortar bomb landed near their hotel.

The Syrian military has responded to rebel attacks with artillery shelling and air strikes on suburbs where rebels are entrenched among thousands of civilians trapped in crossfire.

On Thursday, opposition activists said rebels had taken the main bus station in northeastern Damascus. They provided footage of fighters walking around a deserted area and stamping on a framed picture of Assad. (http://link.reuters.com/peg96t)

Government reporting restrictions make it difficult to verify such accounts independently.

TURKISH DENIAL

The foreign ministry in Turkey denied on Thursday any Syrians had been expelled following unrest at the Suleymansah refugees camp, near the Turkish town of Akcakale

A group of 130 people, identified with the help of camera footage as being "involved in the provocations", decided to cross back into Syria voluntarily, either because they did not want to face judicial proceedings or because of repercussions from other refugees, the ministry said in a statement.

Witnesses said hundreds of Syrians were bused to the border after Wednesday's clashes in which refugees threw rocks at military police, who fired tear gas and water cannon.

"There has been a big deportation operation here, they got rid of lots of people. They kicked out two of my boys and three of my brother's sons. They came for my boys last night and told them to get their bags," one refugee at the camp told Reuters by telephone, giving her name as Saher.

Camp residents said young men started the protest against living conditions after faulty electrics set a tent on fire, injuring three brothers aged seven, 18 and 19, one of whom later died in hospital, according to Turkish media reports.

UNHCR said it was concerned about the reports and had taken them up with Turkey. Such action would violate U.N. conventions.

In a sign of divisions hampering international efforts to stem the conflict, Russia on Thursday accused the Arab League of abandoning support for a peaceful solution by giving a summit seat to the Syrian opposition.

Opposition leader Moaz Alkhatib took Syria's vacant seat on Tuesday at the Arab summit, which also lent its support to giving military aid to rebels fighting Assad.

Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov also cast doubt over the mandate of U.N.-Arab League mediator Lakhdar Brahimi.

"I just don't see how Mr. Brahimi can continue to be considered the representative not just of the United Nations but of the Arab League," Lavrov said in Moscow.

Russia has in the past vocally supported Brahimi, who has met in recent months with Russian and U.S. officials in talks which failed to bridge disagreements over Syria.

Russia, which has long supplied arms to Assad's government but says it is not delivering weapons that can be used in the civil war, vehemently opposes arming the rebels.

Moscow says it has pressed Assad's government to end violence and accuses Western and Arab states of failing to put enough pressure on his opponents to do so, and in many cases encouraging them to keep fighting.

Russia and China have blocked three resolutions in the U.N. Security Council, and Moscow says Assad's exit from power must not be a precondition for peace talks

(Additional reporting by Reuters TV, Erika Solomon in Beirut and Steve Gutterman in Moscow; Writing by Jason Webb; Editing by Michael Roddy)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/mortar-kills-15-damascus-university-syria-says-190632299.html

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Even graphene has weak spots

Mar. 28, 2013 ? Graphene, the single-atom-thick form of carbon, has become famous for its extraordinary strength. But less-than-perfect sheets of the material show unexpected weakness, according to researchers at Rice University in Houston and Tsinghua University in Beijing.

The kryptonite to this Superman of materials is in the form of a seven-atom ring that inevitably occurs at the junctions of grain boundaries in graphene, where the regular array of hexagonal units is interrupted. At these points, under tension, polycrystalline graphene has about half the strength of pristine samples of the material.

Calculations by the Rice team of theoretical physicist Boris Yakobson and his colleagues in China were reported this month in the American Chemical Society journal Nano Letters. They could be important to materials scientists using graphene in applications where its intrinsic strength is a key feature, like composite materials and stretchable or flexible electronics.

Graphene sheets grown in a lab, often via chemical vapor deposition, are almost neverperfect arrays of hexagons, Yakobson said. Domains of graphene that start to grow on a substrate are not necessarily lined up with each other, and when these islands merge, they look like quilts, with patterns going in every direction.

The lines in polycrystalline sheets are called grain boundaries, and the atoms at these boundaries are occasionally forced to change the way they bond by the unbreakable rules of topology. Most common of the "defects" in graphene formation studied by Yakobson's group are adjacent five- and seven-atom rings that are a little weaker than the hexagons around them.

The team calculated that the particular seven-atom rings found at junctions of three islands are the weakest points, where cracks are most likely to form. These are the end points of grain boundaries between the islands and are ongoing trouble spots, the researchers found.

"In the past, people studying what happens at the grain boundary looked at it as an infinite line," Yakobson said. "It's simpler that way, computationally and conceptually, because they could just look at a single segment and have it represent the whole."

But in the real world, he said, "these lines form a network. Graphene is usually a quilt made from many pieces. I thought we should test the junctions."

They determined through molecular dynamics simulation and "good old mathematical analysis" that in a graphene quilt, the grain boundaries act like levers that amplify the tension (through a dislocation pileup) and concentrate it at the defect either where the three domains meet or where a grain boundary between two domains ends. "The details are complicated but, basically, the longer the lever, the greater the amplification on the weakest point," Yakobson said. "The force is concentrated there, and that's where it starts breaking."

"Force on these junctions starts the cracks, and they propagate like cracks in a windshield," said Vasilii Artyukhov, a postdoctoral researcher at Rice and co-author of the paper. "In metals, cracks stop eventually because they become blunt as they propagate. But in brittle materials, that doesn't happen. And graphene is a brittle material, so a crack might go a really long way."

Yakobson said that conceptually, the calculations show what metallurgists recognize as the Hall-Petch Effect, a measure of the strength of crystalline materials with similar grain boundaries. "It's one of the pillars of large-scale material mechanics," he said. "For graphene, we call this a pseudo Hall-Petch, because the effect is very similar even though the mechanism is very different.

"Any defect, of course, does something to the material," Yakobson said. "But this finding is important because you cannot avoid the effect in polycrystalline graphene. It's also ironic, because polycrystals are often considered when larger domains are needed. We show that as it gets larger, it gets weaker.

"If you need a patch of graphene for mechanical performance, you'd better go for perfect monocrystals or graphene with rather small domains that reduce the stress concentration."

Co-authors of the paper are graduate student Zhigong Song and his adviser, Zhiping Xu, an associate professor of engineering mechanics at Tsinghua. Xu is a former researcher in Yakobson's group at Rice. Yakobson is Rice's Karl F. Hasselmann Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and professor of chemistry.

The Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the National Science Foundation supported the work at Rice. The National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program and Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology of China supported the work at Tsinghua.

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Journal Reference:

  1. Zhigong Song, Vasilii I. Artyukhov, Boris I. Yakobson, Zhiping Xu. Pseudo Hall?Petch Strength Reduction in Polycrystalline Graphene. Nano Letters, 2013; : 130325121321001 DOI: 10.1021/nl400542n

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

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Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_technology/~3/xg9lzfuF17M/130328142410.htm

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Thursday, March 28, 2013

Gut-Microbe Swap Helps with Weight Loss

A bacterial transplant in mice has been shown to provide some of the benefits of gastric bypass surgery without putting the animals under the knife


gut microbe, gastric bypass Here the taxonomy of gut bacteria in mice that have received gastric bypass (red) is compared to that of mice kept at the same weight (blue) and of others that were not kept on a diet (green). Image: Science Translational Medicine/AAAS

Obese people considering gastric bypass surgery to help trim their fat might one day have another option: swallowing a new supply of gut bacteria. A study in mice suggests that weight loss after bypass surgery is caused not by the operation itself, but at least in part by a change in the amounts of various species of microbes in the gut.

A bypass operation separates off a small part of the stomach and connects that directly to the intestines. Recipients tend to feel less hungry, fill up more quickly and burn more calories at rest, and they often lose up to 75% of their excess fat. Counter-intuitively, this is thought to be caused by a change in metabolism, rather than by the reduced size of the stomach.

Gut microbes are thought to be part of this picture. People who have had bypasses are known to experience changes in the selection of microbes in their guts. Fat people have been shown to host a different selection of gut bacteria from people who are obese, and transferring the gut bacteria of fat mice into thin ones can cause the thin mice to pack on extra weight. But no one knew whether the microbes in bypass patients changed because they got thin, or if the patients got thin because the microbes changed.

Chop and change
To investigate, Lee Kaplan, director of the Obesity, Metabolism and Nutrition Institute at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, and his colleagues gave about a dozen obese mice bypass surgery. As expected, the mice lost about 29% of their body weight, and kept it off despite a high-fat diet. New conditions in their bodies ? such as a change in bile acids ? allowed a different set of gut bacteria to thrive.

The researchers then took faecal samples from the mice that had been operated on, and put bacteria from them into the guts of mice specially bred without any gut flora. These mice, which were not obese, lost 5% of their weight without any changes to their diet. The results are reported in Science Translational Medicine.

The effect is impressively large, says Randy Seeley, an obesity researcher at the University of Cincinnati in Ohio, particularly given that sterile mice almost always gain weight when given any kind of gut flora. The fact that the mice getting the second-hand bacteria did not lose as much weight as those that had surgery suggests that other factors are also at work; these could include hormonal changes.

The results are promising for obesity treatments, but there are still hurdles to overcome. ?You can?t just take a pill of the right bacteria and have them stick around,? says Seeley. If the gut?s environmental conditions don?t change, then the original microbes come back, he says. Kaplan says that the next steps are to isolate the four bacteria types that the study found to be at play and introduce them into obese mice or people. Antibiotic treatments might help the new bacteria to stick. ?I believe it?s possible,? says Kaplan.

This article is reproduced with permission from the magazine Nature. The article was first published on March 27, 2013.

Source: http://rss.sciam.com/click.phdo?i=ed05a01d15fcac8d32c819070c054427

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Egypt: Divers caught while cutting Internet cable

(AP) ? Egypt's military spokesman says the country's naval forces have captured three scuba divers who were trying to sabotage an undersea Internet cable in the Mediterranean, while telecommunications executives blamed a weeklong Internet slowdown on damage caused to another cable by a ship.

Col. Ahmed Mohammed Ali says in an announcement on his official Facebook page on Wednesday that divers were arrested while "cutting the undersea cable" of the country's main communications company, Telecom Egypt. The statement said they were on a boat. It did not further have details on who they were.

Egypt's Internet services have been disrupted since March 22. Telecom Egypt executive manager Mohammed el-Nawawi told the private TV network CBC that the damage was caused by a ship, and there would be a full recovery on Thursday.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/cae69a7523db45408eeb2b3a98c0c9c5/Article_2013-03-27-ML-Egypt-Internet/id-3ae7ae7c6e644637b05042a9ef6f727f

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In UN arms trade treaty debate, US signature may hinge on Brits

With the US reluctant to sign on to an arms trade treaty being negotiated this week at the UN, Britain ? as both treaty advocate and major arms dealer ? may be best positioned to sway its ally.

By Ben Quinn,?Correspondent / March 27, 2013

As the UN approaches its final day of talks over a comprehensive global treaty to regulate the $70 billion international conventional arms trade, several major stumbling blocks remain. One of those has been opposition from the US, whose domestic gun lobby and major share of global arms exports push against restrictions on weapons sales.

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But as talks go down to the wire, a pivotal persuading influence on the US could yet come from a particularly close ally, major arms dealer in its own right, and the only one of the permanent five members on the UN security council to have consistently backed the arms treaty: the UK.

Ahead of the final day of talks at the UN?s New York headquarters on Thursday, the focus remains on achieving a treaty that would create an agreed standard for transfers of any type of conventional weapon ? from pistols all the way through to to war planes ? and require nations to review all cross-border arms contracts to ensure munitions will not be used in human rights abuses, terrorism, and violations of humanitarian law.

Obstacles to the treaty have revolved around the position of major arms state exporters such as Russia, which has been attempting to revive its role in the international arms trade in recent years. Russia also shares Chinese concerns that a treaty could still allow for the arming of non-state actors seeking to overthrow regimes such as those governing some of China?s African client states.

The American gun lobby has meanwhile been a major factor in the thinking of the US, which is alone responsible for 30 percent of global arms exports and has been dragging its feet over the inclusion of ammunition imports in a treaty, as pressed for by rights groups and most UN member states.

But Britain may be able to bridge that gap. Though one of the world?s major arms exporters with aspirations of strengthening its weapons industry as a way of boosting its enfeebled economy, the UK has nonetheless advocated a strong treaty ? as a way to bring the rest of the world toward its own strict weapons regulation.

What the UK can do "is make the argument to the US about bringing everyone up to the level of regulation that the US already has,? says Joanna Spear, an associate professor of international affairs at George Washington University, arms trade expert, and visiting fellow at London?s Royal United Services Institute (RUSI) defense think tank.

?That?s already one of the big reasons why representatives of major arms companies in Europe are actually in favor of this treaty. Their concern is that they are bound by stricter regulation than others are and that this has been a disadvantage, while US regulation has also been similarly strong."

And while domestic politics and gun control issues remain the major impediment to a comprehensive US embrace of a treaty, according to Ms. Spear the treaty's prospect has been strengthened by President Obama?s reelection and the reaction to the Newtown school massacre.

Diluted but inclusive or strong but exclusive?

The UK?s position on the treaty has been heavily influenced by lobbying from non-governmental organizations such as Amnesty International and Oxfam, a UK charity concerned with global poverty. However, NGOs have been worried that a draft document put forward on Friday night suggests a watered-down treaty is being touted.

However, after a final draft was circulated Wednesday, some NGOs gave a qualified welcome to a text expected to be adopted Thursday.

?While there are still deficiencies in this final draft, this treaty has the potential to provide significant human rights protection and curb armed conflict and violence if all governments demonstrate the political will to implement it properly and develop it in the future,? Brian Wood, head of arms control and human rights at Amnesty International, said in a statement.

?It?s also encouraging that the final draft forces states to assess the overriding risk of serious human rights violations ? including summary killings, torture and enforced disappearances ? before allowing arms transfers to go ahead. We expect all states to ratify the treaty promptly after it is adopted and implement this provision in good faith."

There was still disappointment among NGOs that the scope of the treaty remains limited in terms of what types of arms should be covered.

Amnesty on Monday welcomed the draft's proposed ban on weapons being transferred to countries known for war crimes, genocide, and crimes against humanity. But the group also claimed that the draft treaty would fail to prevent arms going to states where there is a substantial risk the arms will be used to commit summary killings or facilitate torture.

Another UK NGO, Action on Armed Violence (AOAV), also expressed concerns on Monday. Its director of policy, Iain Overton, used Twitter from New York to accuse the president of the conference, Australia?s UN ambassador Peter Woolcott, of not listening to calls for a strong treaty ?because he wants a consensus at whatever price.?

?Clearly one would want to see maximum sign-up around the world, but at the same time, does one trade off maximum sign-up for a diluted treaty that is so lacking in values that it is not worth the paper it is written on?? says Steven Smith, AOAV?s chief executive, who is in London.

Another argument holds that it is necessary to cut away elements of the treaty in order to bring key players onside. ?For example, the argument for having the US in, and perhaps doing so by cutting away ammunition, is that it is the dominant player in the conventional arms trade these days and has got such a lock on trade,? says Spear.?

Even if the conference fails to reach a consensus, however, delegates say they can put it to a vote in the UN General Assembly to rescue it. Either way, if a treaty is approved, national legislatures will need to ratify it.

Meanwhile, advocates of a strong treaty cite the escalating conflict in Syria as evidence of the high stakes at work in New York.

?The Russians have been taking the stance that where there already contracts in place, they should override any humanitarian consequences of transfer,? says AOAV?s Mr. Smith.

?That in my view is entirely against the spirit of what is trying to be achieved here. What we are saying is: ?Look guys, wake up and smell the coffee. This is how these weapons are being used and the fact that you have signed a contract two years or five years ago or whatever else, surely your humanitarian principles and common sense will cause you to override that.'?

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/csm/~3/iKNJtt3qc2w/In-UN-arms-trade-treaty-debate-US-signature-may-hinge-on-Brits

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Microsoft reportedly selling its MediaRoom IPTV unit to Ericsson

Microsoft reportedly selling its MediaRoom IPTV unit to Ericsson

It's not been a great few years for Ericsson, but the company is looking to cheer itself up by bidding for one of Microsoft's cast-offs. According to Bloomberg's usual cabal of persons familiar with the matter, the beleaguered networking giant is gunning for Redmond's MediaRoom IPTV Unit. As Microsoft's home entertainment ambitions now center around the Xbox, MediaRoom, which powers AT&T's U-Verse, is deemed surplus to requirements. Spokespeople for both companies declined to comment, but we're left wondering whatever happened to Microsoft's grand plans for Project Orapa (sic).

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Source: Bloomberg

Source: http://www.engadget.com/2013/03/27/ericsson-buying-mediaroom/

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Wednesday, March 27, 2013

Alchemist Accelerator's Second Class Highlights 9 Enterprise Startups In Flight Data Tech, Learning Management And More

alchemistlogoHere at the Citrix corporate headquarters for the presentations by the second class of the Alchemist Accelerator group. It's quite an eclectic class for the B2B accelerator.

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Techcrunch/~3/kxIPoTw2vak/

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Hon Hai shows record profits, keeps making money from making iPhones

Hon Hai Precision, also known as Foxconn Technology, has reported its earnings for the year and notched a net income of $3.2 billion according to the Financial Times. Most familiar as the manufacturing muscle behind Apple's iPhones, iPads and the like, the Taiwan-based manufacturer beat analyst predictions on high margins for those products. Its subsidiary, Foxconn International Holdings, is the world's largest cellphone maker and produces devices for companies including Nokia and Motorola, but suffered a net loss of $316.4 million. As a result, some are concerned about Foxconn's heavy reliance on Apple as a customer going forward.Still, the company is reportedly continuing a plan to increase vertical integration, by manufacturing the parts for devices and not just putting them together -- we'll see if anyone notices changes in the final product anytime soon.

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Source: FT, BBC, Bloomberg

Source: http://www.engadget.com/2013/03/26/hon-hai-profits/

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Tuesday, March 26, 2013

Paul Graham Says Y Combinator Is Pickier Than Ever, With ?Hardly Any' Bad Startups In Current Batch

paul grahamBefore the pitches kicked off at today's Y Combinator Demo Day, partner Paul Graham said the incubator was stricter than ever when selecting the current batch ? there are 47 companies demonstrating today, compared to 75 in the last session. "There are hardly any startups in this batch that are bad," Graham said. For that reason, he claimed that it will be just as hard for investors at this demo day as in the past to select the best startups. That's a general complaint about demo days in general, especially YC's (where there are more presentations, and those presentations are only a few minutes long), but Graham said it's not about the format. When it comes to choosing winners, Graham said, "if it seems like it's hard, it actually is hard." He added that it's best to think about the presentations as a "live action" name tag, and that investors should make their real decisions after talking to the founders.

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Techcrunch/~3/5N1_LdBU900/

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T-Mobile LTE speed tests on Note II, HTC One and iPhone 5

Wondering whether T-Mobile's LTE network has the chops to live up to the "smokin'" adjectives we had thrown our way throughout the event? We certainly were, so we headed right to the suite of devices and got our hands-on all the phones we could. Speeds are quite good in general -- but interestingly things did start slowing down as more and more folks fired up Ookla's SpeedTest app, doing all they could to test T-Mo's nascent network. Join us after the break for our findings.

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Source: http://www.engadget.com/2013/03/26/t-mobile-lte-speed-tests/

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Monday, March 25, 2013

Historical Attractions In Xi'an Discover The True Spirit Of An Ancient ...

Xi'an is one the oldest cities in China that has a rich and culturally significant history. There are several historical sites in Xi'an that anyone who visits city should not miss.
Army of Terra Cotta Warriors, also known as the Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses, is generously dotted with sculptures of the armies from the first emperor of China Qin Shi Huang. This mausoleum is one of Xi'an city's greatest attractions which sprawl over an area of twenty hectares. The landscaping with much greenery, blossoming flowers and green grass surrounding the location attracts a large number of visitors throughout the year.
Great Mosque of Xian, one if the best preserved and largest Islamic mosques in China was constructed during the Tang Dynasty. The unique and resplendent architecture in the mosque which combines traditional Muslim and Chinese styles, thereby creating a marvel of sorts is a must see for anyone who visits Xian.
Famed for its long historical significance and the romantic love story between Emperor Xuanzon and Yang Guifei during the Tang Dynasty, the Huaqing hot spring is among the magnificent landscapes of the city of Xian. Visitors can not only enjoy the scenery but experience the joy of having a refreshing bath in this extraordinary ever-flowing water of the spring.
Apart from these three sites there is so much more to see and do in Xi'an. As with most parts of China this is a city with a strong heritage and a bold and vibrant culture. Other historical attractions include the Xian City Wall, Bell and Drum Towers, Big Goose Pagoda among many others.
When visiting the city check for Xian accommodation that is convenient and relaxing. There are several accommodation options in Xian whether you are travelling with friends and family for leisure or on a business trip. Without checking into a hotel you can book serviced apartments Xian, which are exclusive serviced residences that create a more luxurious feel than staying in a hotel. One of the best recommended apartments would be Citadines Central Xi'an, which is just minutes away from the main city with a short distance to several historical locations in Xian.

About the Author:
Nelson Osborne is an experienced independent freelance writer. He specializes in providing a wide variety of content and articles related to the travel hospitality industry.

Source: http://www.articlesnatch.com/Article/Historical-Attractions-In-Xi-an-----Discover-The-True-Spirit-Of-An-Ancient-Chinese-City-/4502478

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New Kid on the FOSS Block: OX Documents

There's been much ado about office suites over the past year or so, thanks in large part to the anticipation and then arrival of Microsoft's baffling Office 2013. We've seen the ascendance of LibreOffice, we've seen Redmond's wacky pricing plan, and we've even heard rumors -- as yet unsubstantiated -- of a launch that would blow more than a few minds. None of that could have prepared us for what came to light last week.

Source: http://ectnews.com.feedsportal.com/c/34520/f/632000/s/29f65ae1/l/0L0Stechnewsworld0N0Crsstory0C776160Bhtml/story01.htm

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Evernote 5 available in the Play Store with updated UI, camera, and shortcuts

Android Central

Evernote users will be happy to see that their favorite note taking app has received a large update today, bumping it up to version 5.0. Along with a minor face lift to the user interface, shortcuts are now available that let you quickly access notes, notebooks, and tags. For those that like taking pictures of their notes, the redesigned camera now automatically adjusts photo contrast and shadows for maximum legibility in Page Camera mode. Batch shooting has also been added to the new camera, letting users add multiple pictures to a single note. The new version also brings integration of the Evernote Smart Notebook by Moleskine. Premium users get Document Search, which adds all attached office docs, spreadsheets, and presentations to the universal search.

Grab the update using the Play Store link above. The official developer's change log, along with pictures and videos of Evernote 5's new features, can be found at the source link below.

Source: Evernote



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Sunday, March 24, 2013

Last week, we hosted a Twitter takeover by Syrian refugees from the Za?atari cam...

Sorry, Readability was unable to parse this page for content.

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Today in History

Please check the URL for proper spelling and capitalization. If you're having trouble locating a destination on Yahoo!, try visiting the Yahoo! homepage or look through a list of Yahoo!'s online services.

Please try Yahoo Help Central if you need more assistance.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/today-history-050206767.html

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Obama ends Mideast trip with tour of ancient Petra

U.S. President Barack Obama tours the Treasury in the ancient city of Petra, Jordan, Saturday, March 23, 2013. (AP Photo/Pablo Martinez Monsivais)

U.S. President Barack Obama tours the Treasury in the ancient city of Petra, Jordan, Saturday, March 23, 2013. (AP Photo/Pablo Martinez Monsivais)

U.S. President Barack Obama looks up during his tour of the ancient city of Petra, Jordan, Saturday, March 23, 2013. (AP Photo/Pablo Martinez Monsivais)

U.S. President Barack Obama looks up as he walks through the Siq during a visit to the ancient city of Petra, in south Jordan, Saturday, March 23, 2013. (AP Photo/Carolyn Kaster)

U.S. President Barack Obama visits the ancient city of Petra, Jordan, Saturday, March 23, 2013. (AP photo/Mohammad Hannon)

U.S. President Barack Obama pauses with Dr. Suleiman A.D. Al Farajat, right, a tourism professor with the University of Jordan, at the Ancient Shrine in the Siq during a visit to the ancient city of Petra, in south Jordan, Saturday, March 23, 2013. (AP Photo/Carolyn Kaster)

(AP) ? President Barack Obama set aside the Middle East's tricky politics Saturday to marvel at the beauty of one of the region's most stunning sites, the fabled ancient city of Petra.

"This is pretty spectacular," he said, craning his neck to gaze up at the rock faces after emerging from a narrow pathway into a sun-splashed plaza in front of the grand Treasury. The soaring facade is considered the masterpiece of the ancient city carved into the rose-red stone by the Nabataeans more than 2,000 years ago.

Obama's turn as tourist capped a four-day visit to the Middle East that included stops in Israel and the West Bank, as well Jordan. The White House set low policy expectations for the trip, and the president was returning to Washington with few tangible achievements to show. Aides said his intention instead was to reassure the region's politicians and people ? particularly in Israel ? that he is committed to their security and prosperity.

Curious residents and picture-taking tourists lined the streets of modern Petra as Obama's motorcade wound toward the entrance to the ancient city. The president, dressed in khaki pants, a black jacket and hiking boots, began his walking tour at the entrance to the Siq, a narrow, winding gorge cutting between two soaring cliffs.

The path opened into a dusty plaza with the massive columned Treasury as its centerpiece. Obama declared the carved monument is "amazing."

The Bedouins named the building the Treasury because they believed that urns sculpted on top of it contained great treasures. In reality, the urns represented a memorial for Nabataean royalty. Over time, historians have disagreed on the Treasury's purpose. However, a recent excavation proved that a graveyard exists underneath it.

The Nabataeans established Petra as a crucial junction for trade routes linking China, India and southern Arabia with Egypt, Syria, Greece and Rome. The city flourished until trade routes were redirected in the seventh century, leading to Petra's demise.

Petra is Jordan's most popular tourist attraction, drawing more than a half million visitors yearly since 2007. It may be familiar to many people who saw the 1989 movie, "Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade." Some scenes were filmed in the ancient city.

High winds and overcast skies nearly grounded Marine One, the presidential helicopter, in the Jordanian capital of Amman, which would have forced Obama to scrap the tourist stop. But the weather cleared enough for him and his delegation to make the hour-long flight across Jordan's rugged landscape, arriving in Petra under bright sunshine.

The president departed Jordan after the tour and was due back in Washington late Saturday.

___

Follow Julie Pace at http://twitter.com/jpaceDC

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/3d281c11a96b4ad082fe88aa0db04305/Article_2013-03-23-Obama/id-9df9d22571f243389ac81cfe340e95b0

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Saturday, March 23, 2013

The Relative Age Effect in Sports: It's Complicated | World of ...

The Relative Age Effect in Sports: It's ComplicatedMalcolm Gladwell capitalized on research conducted by Roger Barnsley (et al., 1985) by suggesting in his 2008 book, Outliers, that there is an ?Iron Law of Canadian Hockey.? This theory is also known as the relative age effect in psychological research and it suggests that the older a player is when they begin training for a sport, the more likely they are to achieve success in that sport.

In fact, in a talk posted on YouTube, Gladwell goes even further, saying, ?In absolutely every system in which hockey is played, a hugely disproportionate number of hockey players are born in the first half of the year.? He says this in the context of a talk about society not taking advantage of opportunities to improve human potential.

?Logic tells us there should be as many great hockey players born in the second half of the year,? suggests Gladwell, ?as born in the first half. But what we can see here, there?s almost no one born it the end of the year, everyone?s from the beginning.?

But is this actually true ? are more elite hockey players born in the first half versus the second half of the year?

I was listening to this talk and couldn?t help but wonder, ?This seems like a really perhaps-too-neat result. Is this actually true? Does the relative age effect impact your likelihood to be a great hockey player??

So first I went over to Wikipedia and found this list, List of 100 greatest hockey players by The Hockey News from 1998. This is a quick and dirty way of testing the hypothesis at face value ? are the hockey greats of the world more likely to have been born in the first half of the year?

Only 39 of the hockey players on the list have Wikipedia entries, so they were the easiest to verify their date of birth. Of those 39 players, 20 were born in the first half of the year, and 19 were born in the second half. Hmmm? that doesn?t really seem to jive with Gladwell?s claims.

So finding some support that perhaps the issue isn?t as clear-cut and dried as Gladwell suggests, I turned to PsycINFO, the psychological research database. It didn?t take long to find a study that had the same questions I did ? does the relative age effect (RAE) actually predict excellence in sports?

Gibbs, Jarvis & Dufur (2012) suggest that the answer is no. In a far more systematic approach than my quick and dirty review of a top 100 list, the researchers examined the distribution of birth months for the first round draft picks of Canadian players in the NHL for the years 2007-2010. Then they looked at 1,109 players who played on major league rosters from 2000-2009.

Last, they examined All-Star and Olympic hockey rosters from 2002-2010. These are the elite players of hockey ? the cream of the crop.

So what did they find?

In our analyses, we found a strong relative age effect that eventually fades, then reverses across levels of hockey play among Canadian-born players.

In our first data, early birth-month advantage is apparent in the Medicine Hat Tigers championship roster of 2007
(56%) and for their opponents the Vancouver Giants (44%), but it is less true of the same teams three years later (33% and 39% respectively). [These were the teams Gladwell highlighted in his book chapter.]

The effect is also apparent among Canadian-born first round draft picks, with 40 percent, 41 percent, 47 percent, and 33 percent born in the first quarters of 2007, 2008, 2009, and 2010 respectively.

But for the average player in the NHL, the effect seems to fade. Although the first round draft picks confirm Gladwell?s law (33?47 percent across 2007?2010) ? a reflection of their Major Junior Hockey performance ? the percent of all Canadian hockey players in the NHL born in the first three months is a modest 28 percent.

But it gets worse. Among the most elite hockey players, the effect completely reverses ? it?s better to be born later in the year if you want to become one of the great hockey players: ?The combined average of the All-stars and
Olympic rosters [born in the first three months of the year] is 17 percent.? Compare this to the 28 percent noted above and you see that it actually hurts your chances to be born earlier in the year if you want to play in the Olympics or on an All-Star team.

Last, the researchers found one more perhaps-not-so-surprising result ? players born earlier in the year have shorter hockey careers ? an average of a year less than those born in the last three months of the year (Gibbs, Jarvis & Dufur, 2012).

The incongruous findings come from Gladwell confusing simply playing on a team with being an elite player in that sport. He defined success in hockey as simply making the team ? a way most people who play sports probably wouldn?t agree with. The researchers sum it up nicely:

Our findings illustrate how critical it is to define hockey success. When hockey success is defined as playing Major Junior Hockey, the effect is strong, as Gladwell reported in the popular press.

But the effect diminishes when success is defined as making the NHL, and fades when performance and skill are considered.

When hockey success is defined as the most elite levels of play, the relative age effect reverses.

Who Will Tell YouTubers?

Now here?s the real problem ? these YouTube talks and videos don?t get updated or removed. Nobody is going to come along and point out that the things Gladwell says in this talk aren?t necessarily true based upon our latest understand and research.

Remember his line, ?Logic tells us there should be as many great hockey players born in the second half of the year.? Well, actually the data suggests that this is, in fact, true after all.

And that?s the challenge of disseminating pop-psychology tidbits on video and in books ? their conclusions will remain forever etched, while the science and research data continue to move forward.

Finally, it?s a reminder that psychology and sociology data rarely results in neat, clean conclusions. While initial research might draw such conclusions, later more-nuanced, rigorous research often demonstrates the problems with those first studies.

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Watch the Gladwell YouTube talk: Malcolm Gladwell Explains Why Human Potential Is Being Squandered

Read Ben Gibbs? blog entry on his research: Relative Age Effect Reversal Found At Elite Level of Canadian Hockey

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References

Barnsley, RH, Thompson AH and Barnsley PE. (1985). Hockey success and birthdate: The relative age effect. Canadian Association of Health, Physical Education and Recreation (CAHPER) Journal 51: 23?28.

Gibbs, B.G., Jarvis, J.A., & Dufur, M.J. (2012). The rise of the underdog? The relative age effect reversal among Canadian-born NHL hockey players: A reply to Nolan and Howell. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 47, 644-649.

Gladwell, M. (2008). Outliers: The Story of Success. New York: Little, Brown.

Footnotes: John Grohol, PsyDDr. John Grohol is the CEO and founder of Psych Central. He is an author, researcher and expert in mental health online, and has been writing about online behavior, mental health and psychology issues -- as well as the intersection of technology and human behavior -- since 1992. Dr. Grohol sits on the editorial board of the journal Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking and is a founding board member and treasurer of the Society for Participatory Medicine.

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????Last reviewed: By John M. Grohol, Psy.D. on 23 Mar 2013
????Published on PsychCentral.com. All rights reserved.

APA Reference
Grohol, J. (2013). The Relative Age Effect in Sports: It?s Complicated. Psych Central. Retrieved on March 24, 2013, from http://psychcentral.com/blog/archives/2013/03/23/the-relative-age-effect-in-sports-its-complicated/

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Source: http://psychcentral.com/blog/archives/2013/03/23/the-relative-age-effect-in-sports-its-complicated/

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